Wordvice如何高效地回复审稿意见或写反驳信?
2017年 05月 11日
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如何高效地回复审稿意见或写反驳信?

Wordvice China
Annotated-Template-Journal-Submissions-Rebuttal-Letter1다운로드

文章重点

  • 期刊投稿流程
  • 如何回复审稿意见？
  • 如何处理拒稿信
  • 审稿意见回复中建议使用的句型
  • 审稿意见回复模板
  • 审稿意见回复检查清单
  • 其他参考资源

期刊投稿流程

投稿期刊就像打棒球，想成功挥出全垒打，有几个因素需要考量。挥棒多了，最终你能找到对的角度挥出属于全垒打。不断尝试的过程中，挫折感是不可避免的，如果能学会处理拒稿信的技巧，我们相信更能处变不惊。这篇将介绍论文审核流程并告诉你什么时候该如何申诉拒稿信。有一些关于投稿的事情，要先说在前头:

坏消息

一个坐在地上手拿棒球的外国女生

第一次投稿就成功被接收就像是想要在世界杯打出全垒打却还不知道该如何握球棒一样的困难，虽然不是完全不无可能，只是机率非常低，最好的情况就是只需要更动部分内文就能被接收。

再者，有些国际知名期刊不管投稿论文写得多好，还是一样拒绝了高达90％的投稿论文，有些论文甚至不会送到评审手里，直接被期刊编辑拒绝，因为他们可能认为论文不符合现在的需要或该研究与其方法并没有令人信服。

好消息

即使投稿过程繁琐，我们还是可以改善并提高投稿成功机率。在另一篇文章中，我们强调跟随期刊的作者须知，並呈现发展完整的实验设计并将研究结果与研究议题互相响应来引起读者兴趣。除此之外，你也可以写一篇完整的投稿信能成功地说服期刊编辑将该论文转交给审稿者进行下一步的审核。

成功过了期刊编辑这一关，你就上一垒了。一旦到这一步，能否被接收就是看评审意见与你的回复表现了。

投稿后，接下来？

在解释如何写回复之前，你得先知道投稿之后，接下来会发生在投稿流程中的关键决策与行动。

在解释如何写回复之前，你得先知道投稿之后，接下来会发生在投稿流程中的关键决策与行动。

如图所示，想从本垒到一垒你该做:

  1. 准备挥棒: 当投稿论文之后，你就站上本垒准备打击了，假设你有成功挥出这一棒，也就是没有直接被拒绝，那接下来你会遇到….
  2. 上一垒: 期刊编辑收到之后，期刊编辑会做出第一个关键性的决定，考量因素有:
  • 是否论文符合该期刊的范围与宗旨?
  • 是否能引起读者兴趣?
  • 是否期刊近期已经刊登了类似论文(因此不想重复)?
  • 是否有详细遵照期刊的作者须知？
  • 研究方法中是否有缺漏?
  • 论文是否大致上能够理解(没有重大文法与风格错误)?

如果期刊编辑认为你没有达到要求，那编辑会跳过审稿者直接拒绝。这时你有两条路可以选:

提交论文到另外一个期刊; 或提出申诉希望重新再次提交投稿论文。 [这一个方法比较不推荐。如果你重写了论文，那应该要重新投稿。 ]

  1. 奔二垒: 期刊编辑满意你的论文，论文将会被送去同行评审。这些评审都是该领域的资深研究员，他们会仔细检视论文是否有秉持着学术规范做好每一个程序。假设英语质量差到已经妨碍到理解内文，那reviewer也可能针对技术性写作做评论。reviewer可能考量的关键因素如下:
  • 研究方法是否有重大瑕疵?
  • 研究是否不完整?
  • 研究结论是否支持研究结果?

如果评审认为投稿论文低于要求 (尤其是被认为不够完整或论证不足)，则会退稿。这时你有两种选择:

提交论文到另外一个期刊; 或提出申诉希望重新再次提交投稿论文。 [这一个方法比较不推荐。如果你重写了论文，那应该要重新投稿。 ]

另外一种最常见的情况是评审喜欢论文但有一些问题，那评审则会推荐期刊在收到你对评审问题的回复后再做进一步的考量(更多资讯参考以下”如何回复审稿意见”)。

  1. 滑三垒: 这时候就是期刊已经收到且相当满意你对评审问题的回复，也相信你的论文已经准备好可以发表了。期刊接着可能还有一些问题但应该只是要求你小更动论文内文。除非有重大瑕疵，例如发现你伪造数据等，否则论文将会顺利发表。
  2. 回本垒得分: 期刊编辑已经准备刊登你的论文，你也完全配合刊登前的所有修改与行政处理事项。

如何回复审稿意见?

如何回复审稿意见?

当回复不是单纯拒稿时，大部分都会再加上审稿意见希望作者澄清与内文修正。审稿意见来自期刊编辑与评审，一般正面的审稿意见有两种形式:

  1. 期刊对你的论文感到兴趣，而且评审希望你做些增删来优化论文，收到这样的信就代表你已经离发表不远了。
  2. 你可能收到一封拒稿的信但里面却写着期刊会重新审核论文如果论文有重新做实质上的修改，包括增加新的数据。用棒球来做比喻的话，就是成功击出并上了一垒但还不能上二垒，这时候你可以修改你的论文并进行追加实验来满足期刊要求。

不论你前面的表现如何，期刊接受率都会根据你如何回复这些评审意见来决定。 当你回信时，要谨记几点:

DosDont’s
Thank the editor and reviewers for the time they spent reviewing your manuscript. Similarly, maintain a respectful and deferential tone throughout. Remember, you want them to like you and your work. Don’t give them unnecessary reasons for tossing your manuscript into the reject pile.Don’t insult your editors or reviewers. Be respectful. Take care not to use phrases that suggest the editor or review made a mistake. (See list of useful phrases further below.)
Answer all questions asked by the editor and reviewers. Also make sure to respond to all comments, including those that might be a general thank you or praise.Don’t ignore a question or comment. Failure to address every point will prolong the process and decreases the chance of a speedy acceptance.
If you can’t respond to a question or comment, then explain why not.  This way, you are addressing the issue even if you can’t provide a specific answer or solution.Don’t justify your failure to sufficiently conduct a study by stating economic or other personal limitations. You won’t sway editors or reviewers if they feel your research is lacking, regardless of the circumstances. However, if you need to restate the SCOPE of your study so that your findings are complete as presented, do so.
Copy the full text of reviewer comments and include relevant responses under each section of the original text (as shown in the template below). Formatting is important. Use bullets, different fonts, bold or italics to help distinguish your replies from the reviewers’ comments.Don’t partially address or rephrase an editor’s comment or question to suit your needs. If they asked you a tough question, you’ll need to tackle it sufficiently to satisfy them.
If your original submission contained the appropriate answers to the reviewer’s questions, specify the sections that address the queries.Don’t let your frustrations influence the tone of your writing if you feel that a reviewer asked you about a point that you believe has already been addressed in your paper. (See list of useful phrases further below.)
 If you added new visual aids or other supplementary materials to your revised paper, make sure to point those out clearly in the letter by referencing relevant page and line numbers, figure numbers, etc.Don’t info dump in a disorganized manner. Formatting your rebuttal letter will reduce miscommunication and help the reviewers and editors quickly find the information they requested.
If the journal gives you a deadline for your response, be timely.
Be concise in your responses.Don’t veer off on a tangent to discuss matters not requested by the journal.

如何处理拒稿信

如何处理拒稿信

不幸的是，被拒稿是十之八九的事情，有时候不是论文的错，更糟糕的是即使申诉了，申诉信也不能起到作用，被丢进”slush pile”而且只有在重新投稿之后才会被重新审核。

身为一名研究员， 请考量是否申诉信是否值得你花时间和重写论文所必须花费的资源，你也可以等个几周让期刊审核你的申诉信。同时，建议谨慎检视期刊给予的评审意见后修改论文并投稿到另一间期刊。

如果你决定要申请要求重新审核论文，以下几点请谨记：

DosDont’s
Thank the editor and reviewers for the time they spent reviewing your manuscript. Similarly, maintain a respectful and deferential tone throughout your letter. Remember, you want them to like you and your work. Don’t give them unnecessary reasons for tossing your manuscript into the rejection pile.Don’t get emotional and insult your editors or reviewers. Be respectful and diplomatic in tone since antagonizing editors will not help your case! (See list of useful phrases). Similarly, don’t respond to a rejection letter right away. Rather, take a break and re-examine the letter with fresh, objective eyes.
If the rejection is not based on faulty experimental procedures, it’s likely that editors felt your paper would not appeal to its readers. If this is your situation, make sure to carefully and clearly explain how your research would greatly advance current understandings of the subject matter AND be useful to a wide audience.Don’t take the rejection personally. Remember that a journal has a publication calendar and strategy. Additionally, your research might overlap with work previously accepted by another author, or the journal might feel it wants to move into a new direction based on reader feedback.
If your manuscript was declined because of major shortcomings (experimental design or incomplete analysis, for example), explain how you would fix these problems.Don’t rewrite your manuscript and resubmit as an appeal since your likelihood of successfully appealing is low. If you make substantial changes (like including significant new data), you may you might wish to make a new submission instead.
If you feel any or all of the peer reviewers were biased or made technical errors in their assessment, you will need specific and clear evidence to make your case.In blind review processes, don’t try to guess who your reviewers are. Rather, focus on the reviewers’ specific comments and how those remarks clearly imply a biased opinion or a technical misunderstanding of your work.
Focus on the journal’s comments and address them objectively. And like the rebuttal letter, copy the full text of reviewer comments and include relevant responses under each section of the original text (as shown in the template below).Don’t go off on a tangent by emphasizing things like your reputation or other information that have no bearing on the actual substantive merits and suitability of your paper for the journal.

审稿意见回复中建议使用的句型

审稿意见回复中建议使用的句型

以下是几个可以帮助你在回信时解说你如何修改论文的句型

开头

  • Thank you for providing these insights.
  • Thank you for your suggestion.
  • That is an interesting query.
  • This is an interesting perspective.
  • We agree with you.
  • We agree with your assessment.
  • You have raised an important question.
  • You have asked an interesting question.

 同意审稿或期刊编辑意见

  • We agree with you and have incorporated this suggestion throughout our paper.
  • We have reflected this comment by… (p. #, lines #-#).
  • We have incorporated your comments by… (p. #, lines #-#).
  • We agree that…
  • We have now [X] (p. #, lines #-#) and [Y] (p. #, lines #-#). We think these changes now better [Z]. We hope that you agree.

不同意评审或期刊编辑意见

  • You have raised an important point; however, we believe that [X] would be outside the scope of our paper because…
  • This is a valid assessment of…; however, we believe that [X] would be more appropriate because…
  • We agree that…; however, due to [X], we believe that…
  • In our revisions, we have attempted to [X] (p. #, lines #-#); however, we have retained some of our arguments because…
  • We acknowledge that [X] has certain limitations; however,…

解释澄清

  • We have clarified that… means… (p. #, lines #-#) throughout the paper.
  • We have redrafted the [X] section (p. #, lines #-#) to establish a clearer focus.
  • We have revised the text (p. #, lines #-#) to reflect…
  • We removed [X] (from p. #, lines #-#) and hope that the deletion clarifies the points we attempted to make.
  • We have replaced the term [X] throughout the paper with [Y] to use more precise terms.
  • We have rewritten [X] (p. #, lines #-#) to be more in line with your comments. We hope that the edited section clarifies…
  • We have elaborated on [X] (p. #, lines #-#) and expanded our consideration of [Y]. We hope these revisions provide a more [balanced][thorough] discussion.

额外的信息与解释

  • We have included a new Figure # (p. #) to further illustrate…
  • We have added a new Table # (p. #), which outlines…
  • We have supplemented the [X] section with explanations of [Y] (p. #, lines #-#).
  • There are multiple reasons/approaches to…, including [our scenario]. We have included an acknowledgment regarding this point in the [X] section (p. #, lines #-#).
  • We have not done… However, we believe that [doing X] (p. #, lines #-#) would address this issue because…
  • We have not done…; however, our sense is that…

回答多题 (当你的一个回复能回答许多问题时)

  • Please see point # above. [e.g., “Please see point 2(a) above.”] 

审稿意见回复模板

[点击本文右上方的附档下载审稿意见回复模板与建议句型]

审稿意见回复模板

[Journal Editor’s First and Last Name][, Graduate Degree (if any)]
TIP: It’s customary to include any graduate degrees in the addressee’s name.
e.g., John Smith, MD or Carolyn Daniels, MPH
e.g., Editor-in-Chief, Managing Editor, Co-Editors-in-Chief 

[Journal Address]
[Submission Date: Month Day, Year]
Dear Dr./Mr./Ms. [Editor’s last name]:

TIP: When the editor’s name is not known, use the relevant title employed by the journal, such as “Dear Managing Editor:” or “Dear Editor-in-Chief:”. Using a person’s name is best, however. Also, websites may be outdated, so call the journal to confirm to whom you should address your cover letter when in doubt.

TIP: Use “Ms.” and never “Mrs.” or “Miss” in formal business letters.

TIP: Never use “Dear Sirs:” or any similar expression. Many editors will find this insulting, especially given that many of them are female!

Thank you for inviting us to submit a revised draft of our manuscript entitled, “[TITLE]” to [JOURNAL]. We also appreciate the time and effort you and each of the reviewers have dedicated to providing insightful feedback on ways to strengthen our paper. Thus, it is with great pleasure that we resubmit our article for further consideration. We have incorporated changes that reflect the detailed suggestions you have graciously provided. We also hope that our edits and the responses we provide below satisfactorily address all the issues and concerns you and the reviewers have noted.

To facilitate your review of our revisions, the following is a point-by-point response to the questions and comments delivered in your letter dated _____.

Editor’s Suggestions:

  1. [Editor general comment]
    • RESPONSE: [Brief response thanking editor or expressing delight at the feedback, where appropriate.]
  2. [First editor comment]
    • RESPONSE: [General opinion of comment (e.g., “You raise an important question.”)][Response discussing changes or providing clarifications and explanations.]
  3. [Second editor comment]
    • RESPONSE: [General opinion of comment (e.g., “You make a fair assessment.”)][Response discussing changes or providing clarifications and explanations.]

Reviewer 1 Comments:

  1. [Reviewer 1 general comment]
    • RESPONSE: [Show appreciation for time and energy reviewer committed and the value of their comments.]
  2. [First reviewer 1 comment]
    • RESPONSE: [General opinion of comment (e.g., “Thank you for this suggestion.”)] [Response discussing changes or providing clarifications and explanations.]
  3. [Second reviewer 1 comment]
    • RESPONSE: [General opinion of comment (e.g., “Thank you for this suggestion.”)] [Response discussing changes or providing clarifications and explanations.]

Reviewer 2 Comments:

  1. [Reviewer 2 general comment]
    • [Show appreciation for time and energy reviewer committed and the value of their comments.]
  2. [First reviewer 2 comment]
    • RESPONSE: [General opinion of comment (e.g., “Thank you for this suggestion.”)] [Response discussing changes or providing clarifications and explanations.]
  3. [Second reviewer 2 comment]
    • RESPONSE: [General opinion of comment (e.g., “Thank you for this suggestion.”)] [Response discussing changes or providing clarifications and explanations.]

CONCLUDING REMARKS: Again, thank you for giving us the opportunity to strengthen our manuscript with your valuable comments and queries. We have worked hard to incorporate your feedback and hope that these revisions persuade you to accept our submission.

Sincerely,

[Your Name]

Corresponding Author
Institution Title
Institution/Affiliation Name
[Institution Address]
[Your e-mail address]
[Tel: (include relevant country/area code)]
[Fax: (include relevant country/area code)]

Additional Contact [should the corresponding author not be available]
Institution Title
Institution/Affiliation Name
[Institution Address]
[Your e-mail address]
[Tel: (include relevant country/area code)]
[Fax: (include relevant country/area code)]

审稿意见回复检查清单

审稿意见回覆检查清单

写作修改面向

  1. Make a list of changes you mention in your letter and make sure you’ve made all the changes in your draft!
  2. Make sure you’ve thanked the editor and reviewers for their time.
  3. Make sure you are sending the right version of your manuscript
  4. Did you copy and paste ALL the original comments from the editor and reviewers? Did you answer or address ALL those comments?
  5. Did you include page and line references, where appropriate?
  6. Did you include all new figures and other visual aids (and mention them in the rebuttal letter)?

写作规格

  1. Set the font to Arial or Times New Roman, size 12 point.
  2. Single-space all text.
  3. Use one line space between body paragraphs.
  4. Do not indent paragraphs.
  5. Keep all text left justified.
  6. Use spelling and grammar check software. If needed, use professional proofreading and editing services such as Wordvice to review your letter for clarity and concision.
  7. Double-check the spelling of the editor’s and reviewers’ names.

其他参考资源

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